周四（4月9日）美联储主席鲍威尔暗示，距离美联储减少对美国经济的支持还很遥远，他指出，今年预期中的物价上涨可能是暂时的，他还警告称，新冠新确诊病例数增加可能会减缓复苏。
美联储称风险来自新增感染，而非暂时性价格上涨
美联储主席鲍威尔在在国际货币基金组织（IMF）和世界银行春季会议上表示，“新病例数正在回升，所以我只想敦促人们接种疫苗，继续保持社交距离。我们不想再爆发一波感染，即使这造成的经济损失和死亡人数没之前那么多，也会拖慢复苏。”在另一场活动上，圣路易斯联储主席布拉德表示，
在疫情明显结束之前，美联储甚至都不应该讨论调整货币政策。他将美联储未来的讨论与疫苗接种计划的成功紧密联系在一起。
美联储长期以来一直表示，疫情演变将决定经济复苏的进程。一年多前，疫情造成了数十年来最严重的经济萎缩。
目前每天约有300万美国人接种疫苗，大多数最有病亡风险的老年人已经完成了接种。不过，新的变种病毒正在推动新增病例数攀升，尤其在中西部和东北部大片地区。
明尼亚波利斯联储主席卡什卡利表示，新冠病毒变种是对美国经济复苏的“最大威胁”。而此时，世界上大部分地区几乎还没有开始大规模疫苗接种，这构成了联储政策制定者所说的另一个风险。
物价面临上行，美联储表示并不担心
政策制定者们确实预计，未来几个月支出将激增，加上供应瓶颈，这将在今年推高价格。
他们还称，这不太可能演变成价格螺旋式上升，构成他们认为令人担忧的通胀，并要求美联储用加息来应对。鲍威尔称：“我们认为物价将面临上行压力，这可能会以涨价的形式转嫁给消费者，我们认为这将是暂时的，”他还指出通胀低迷已有25年之久，这助长了低通胀预期的心理。
在回答有关通胀以及美联储何种情况下会采取措施的问题时，
鲍威尔说，“尽管随着经济重启，物价压力料将升高，但这个过程是暂时的，如果这个现象看起来可能长期持续，美联储会采取行动。我们将非常密切关注通胀预期。如果看到他们持续变化，并显著超过我们希望的水平，我们会作出回应”。
他还表示，仍有900万或1000万美国人处于失业状态，他们在努力寻找新工作时需要支持。
经济数据强劲但是复苏仍不稳定
上周的一份政府报告显示，美国3月就业岗位增加了近100万个，但就业人数仍比疫情爆发前减少了近900万。鲍威尔称，他希望看到
“连续几个月出现类似的就业岗位增幅，这样我们才能真正开始朝着实现目标取得进展。”
他还表示，复苏参差不齐也是一个严重问题，少数族裔、女性和休闲和酒店等行业的工人的情况不如其他人群。
美联储政策制定者上调了对今年经济增长、通胀和就业的预测；但鲍威尔指出，这不一定会导致任何政策变化。在判断是否到了减少资产购买规模的时候这一点上，鲍威尔称：“在这方面我们真的不会看预测，而是看通胀和就业方面取得的实际进展”
鲍威尔淡化通胀风险 承诺要令美国经济重拾荣光
鲍威尔承诺将令美国经济重拾荣光，他以华盛顿市中心一个无家可归者聚集区为例来说明经济复苏仍未完成。鲍威尔在IMF小组会议上说：“因此，我们需要不断提醒自己，即使经济的某些部分表现良好，但仍有很大一部分人并没有。我真的很想完成工作任务，让美国经济再次伟大。”
美联储官员一再强调，即使在疫苗接种扩大的情况下经济前景光明，美国仍需要积极的货币政策支持。周三公布的3月会议纪要显示，决策者们预计，“就业和通胀可能还需要一段时间才能朝着美联储的目标取得重大进展。”
美联储的最新预测显示，尽管大幅提高了今年的经济增长和就业预测，但他们不打算在2023年年末前提高接近于零的基准利率。美联储预计今年通胀率将达到2.4%，2022年料回落至2%的目标水平。
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